As I stated previously, I wanted the dwarves to provide the role of a powerful but distant nation, one that had influence in the main areas of the campaign world but did not have a direct stake in its politics. To this end, I looked to the Chinese for inspiration. I was about to design a monolithic, bureaucratic empire, but then I discovered this tasty little bit on TV Tropes' entry Our Dwarves are All the Same
The largely forgotten Chainmail D&D Miniatures game (The early 2000s relaunch, not the classic 60s version that inspired D&D) ended up using pretty standard D&D dwarves, but oh What Could Have Been. The original design specs called for a dwarf faction that had deposed their king, abandoned faith in their god, and become communist factory workers and miners. The Dwarves would have dressed like something out of a 30s era Soviet propaganda poster and built mecha golems.My interest piqued, looked into it more and read up on the People's Republic of Mordengard. It's apparently a post-revolutionary republic set up after a tyrant king was overthrown and run by a Worker's Council. Every member of the society is a member of a Guild and elect a representative from their Guild to represent in the Worker's Council.
I love the idea of Communist dwarves, so let's make our Chinese dwarves Communist Chinese dwarves.
Since Mordengard has such a lovely background, I think I'll nab most of it wholesale. Thank you, Chris Pramas.
A tyrant king is a great catalyst for a revolution. For added Chinese flavor, why not give him some elements of Qin Shi Huangdi? Let's put him in his twilight years as the revolution happens, after a lifetime of stone-hearted tyranny. And, as a dwarf, a lifetime is a long time indeed. He spent his reign squashing dissenting schools of thought, setting up an oppressive bureaucracy massive book burnings, and generally being a crazy mean old bastard. Hell, let's give him a couple "great works" that caused the deaths of thousands during construction. The Great Wall is the world's longest cemetery after all
After all this, the dwarves get all upset and rebel. The majority of the revolutionaries are craftsman and miners, traditionally the backbone of dwarven society. Appropriately enough, their symbol is a hammer and pick. Their color is yellow, the color associated with Earth in Wu Xing as well as the color of the Yellow Turbanists, a peasant rebellion in historical China. In fact, let's give our dwarf revolutionaries yellow headscarfs.
The dwarves are spurred on by orators calling on an ancient tradition that is based on the Mandate of Heaven, a Chinese concept similar to the Western ideas of Divine Right. The right to rule is granted by Heaven to the ruler, but Heaven's approval relies on the ruler's virtue. Further, the mandate does not specify a single ruler or dynasty, giving justification to rebellions historically.
Marching through the dwarven empire, they kill not only the emperor but the majority of the nobility In a bit of fun karmic death, let's say the dwarven king was buried alive in his own tomb, a tomb whose construction cost the lives of many good dwarves. We can even say that the tomb was the last straw that sparked the rebellion.
Once the last of the loyalists are surrendered, dead, or fled, the leaders of the revolution make the landmark decision to not appoint a new emperor from amongst themselves. Instead, they establish a republic of the people, in which every dwarf is an equal and has a say in rulership. Like in Mordengard, the dwarves are separated into Guilds that rule over the empire through a Council.
The dwarves maintain their traditional values of order, duty, perseverance, and community despite the revolution and that is carried on into the Republic. Every dwarf is your brother or sister and it is your duty to persevere for the people. It is also the duty of every right thinking dwarf to spread the good news to others, to encourage other workers to raise up against their noble oppressors.
Geographically, I see the dwarven empire seperated by a great mountain range and perhaps a desert from the rest of the campaign world. Dwarves encountered in game, or PC dwarves, are loyalists who fled during the revolutionaries, agents of the People trying to ferment rebellion, or simply young dwarves who find the Republic stifling.
As a side note, I'm dropping the iron bears. They're a tad more over the top than I'd like. The orcs may still have some form of bear cavalry, however.